Physical Barrier
The skin's primary function in protecting against pathogens lies in its structure. The outermost layer, the epidermis, acts as a robust physical barrier. It consists of tightly packed cells that create a formidable defense against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. This barrier prevents these microorganisms from entering the body and causing infections.
Immune Response
In addition to physical barriers, the skin is home to various immune cells, such as Langerhans cells. These specialized cells are part of the immune system and play a critical role in detecting pathogens. When they identify potential threats, they initiate an immune response, alerting other immune cells to act and effectively protecting the body from infections.
Microbiome Defense
The skin also hosts a diverse community of microorganisms known as the skin microbiome. These beneficial bacteria compete with pathogenic organisms for resources and space, further protecting the skin from infections. Maintaining a healthy skin microbiome is essential for overall skin health and immune function.
